When it comes to heart health, people typically focus on cholesterol readings like LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. These parameters are also checked in most health checkups. However, cardiologists say that an important factor often gets overlooked: lipoprotein (a) or Lp(a). This is a cholesterol particle that is often not included in a normal lipid profile but can play a significant role in increasing the risk of heart disease.
Lp(a) is essentially a particle similar to LDL cholesterol, but with an additional protein attached. This protein makes it behave differently in the body. When present in high amounts, it can accelerate plaque formation in arteries, increase inflammation in blood vessels, and increase the likelihood of blood clots. This is why it can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
According to experts, the incidence of premature heart disease is rapidly increasing in India. Several reports indicate that a significant proportion of deaths in the country are due to heart disease. Worryingly, many patients are experiencing heart attacks 10 to 15 years earlier than in Western countries. Genetic predisposition, diabetes, high blood pressure, an inactive lifestyle, and hidden lipid markers such as Lp(a) can increase this risk.
Interestingly, Lp(a) is not measured in routine cholesterol tests. Therefore, many people may report normal levels, but still have this risk factor. Doctors recommend that people with a family history of heart attacks or strokes at a young age should definitely get this test done.